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Counting and Combinatorics involved in DNA and Genomes

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DNA and Genomes: The hereditary information of a living organism is encoded using deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), or in certain viruses, ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA and RNA are extremely complex molecules, with different molecules interacting in a vast variety of ways to enable living process. Here in this post, I will brief about description of how DNA and RNA encode genetic information. DNA molecules consist of two strands consisting of blocks known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains subcomponents called bases, each of which is adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), or thymine (T). The two strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds connecting different bases, with A bonding only with T, and C bonding only with G. Unlike DNA, RNA is single stranded, with uracil (U) replacing thymine as a base. So, in DNA the possible base pairs are A-T and C-G, while in RNA they are A-U, and C-G. The DNA of a living creature consists of multiple pieces of DNA forming separate chromosomes. ...

Lessons from life of Great Indian Saint Swami Vivekananda

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Swami Vivekananda Swami Vivekananda Introduction: Swami Vivekananda born Narendranath Datta was an Indian Hindu monk, spiritual leader, and social reformer; who played a significant role in the growing Indian nationalism of the 19th and 20th centuries. He was born on 12 January 1863, in Kolkata and his birthday is observed as a national Youth day. He is the founder of Ramakrishna math and Mission in Calcutta, which is still working towards helping the poor and needy. He was a man of wisdom and a very simple human being. He is very excellent in his studies. He has got vast knowledge of different cultures. He always uses to travel to the Western world spreading Hindu philosophy and introducing Indian heritage, culture, and philosophy to the West. He is known for his golden thoughts. He once gave a brief speech representing India and Hinduism in Chicago at the Parliament of the World's Religion. His introductory speech, beginning with "Sisters and brothers of America", earne...

Some Logic Puzzles

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Hi folks!!  Here are some Logic puzzles to solve and sharpen your mind. All of these needs only basic Computer and Discrete Logics to solve and It helps you in improving your Logical Reasoning, Aptitude, Algorithmic thinking and problem-solving skills. It is ordered according to levels so that reader can approach in order. I have solved few questions and remaining similar questions are left to readers to try. Those are common and famous puzzles solutions and explanations can easily be found in web and books. LEVEL-1 Each inhabitant of a remote village always tells the truth or always lies. A villager will give only a “Yes” or a “No” response to a question a tourist asks. Suppose you are a tourist visiting this area and come to a fork in the road. One branch leads to the ruins you want to visit; the other branch leads deep into the jungle. A villager is standing at the fork in the road. What one question can you ask the villager to determine which branch to take? The question is “...