Components of a Research Paper

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Here are the common sections found in a typical research paper in Conferences and Journal. It is not exaustive and can be different based on Subject, type of paper, etc.


  1. Title:
    • concise, descriptive, and indicative of the paper's content.
  2. Abstract:
    •  A brief summary of the entire research paper, usually around 150-250 words.
    • provides a quick overview of the research question, methods, results, and conclusions.
  3. Keywords:
    • A list of relevant terms or phrases that highlight the main topics covered in the paper. 
    • helps in indexing and searching for the paper.
  4. Introduction:
    • Presents the background and context of the research.
    • States the research question or hypothesis.
    • Describes the significance of the study.
    • Provides an overview of the paper's structure.
  5. Literature Review:
    • Surveys and reviews existing literature related to the research topic.
    • Demonstrates the gap in knowledge that the current study aims to fill.
    • Establishes the theoretical framework for the research.
  6. Methodology and Design:
    • Describes the research design, methods, and procedures used to collect and analyze data.
    • Includes information on participants, materials, and tools used.
    • Should be detailed enough for others to replicate the study.
  7. Results:
    • Presents the findings of the research in a clear and organized manner.
    • Utilizes tables, figures, and graphs to represent data.
    • Avoids interpretation or discussion at this stage.
  8. Discussion:
    • Interprets and analyzes the results in relation to the research question or hypothesis.
    • Compares findings with existing literature.
    • Addresses limitations and suggests areas for future research.
  9. Conclusion:
    • Summarizes the main findings of the study.
    • States the implications of the research.
    • Describes the limitations of the work
    • Include recommendations for future research or practical applications.
  10. Acknowledgments:
    • Recognizes individuals or organizations that contributed to the research but are not considered authors.
  11. References:
    • Lists all the sources cited in the paper.
    • Follows a specific citation style (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago).
  12. Appendices:
    • Includes supplementary material such as raw data, additional charts, or questionnaires.
    • Supplementary material that is too extensive for the main body of the paper.
    • mostly optional


Location: Amrita University, Amritanagar, Ettimadai, Tamil Nadu 641112, India

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